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Reagan, D. Seidov, I. Smolyar, K. Weathers, M. Zweng, : World Ocean Database Mishonov, Technical Ed. WOD Introduction. Garcia, H. Boyer, R. Locarnini, O. Baranova, M. Zweng WOD User Manual. The oceanographic data that comprise the WOD have been acquired through many sources and projects as well as from individual scientists.

The WOD is made up of ocean profiles, which contain measurements for a single variable temperature, salinity, etc. Multiple profiles taken at the same location with the same set of instruments form an oceanographic cast. Code Table Library. Quality control procedures are documented and performed on each cast and the results are included as flags on each measurement. The WOD contains the data on the originally measured depth levels observed and also interpolated to standard depth levels to present a more uniform set of iso-surfaces for oceanographic and climate work.

The WOD is made up of more than 20, separate archived datasets from the United States and around the world, each of which is available in its original form in the NCEI archives. All datasets are converted to the same standard format, checked for duplication within the WOD, and assigned quality flags based on objective tests. Additional subjective flags are set upon calculation of ocean climatological mean fields which make up the World Ocean Atlas WOA series.

For additional help, please contact OCL. You will receive an email with files attached once your request is processed. A number of floats in the North Atlantic had a pressure offset problem which was not correctable. The Argo program removed these floats from their dataset, and we followed their example.

As with all data, time zone information is not always correctly reported. We use quality control measure to correct common errors, including UTC designations that should be labeled as local time.

Second Header variables in the netCDF file identify collection and processing methods used for the various parameters. For chlorophyll, we identify a whole suite of methods that range from in situ fluorometer to HPLC. The codes are listed below:. Many of the chlorophyll measurements in CTD datasets are uncalibrated fluorometer readings that are often still in engineering units.

These data have to be read very carefully, and can only be evaluated on a cruise by cruise basis. There is a calibration indicator variable specific second header 14 , but this information is rarely included with the data. More information is available on page 19 of the World Ocean Database Introduction. Regardless of the depth calculation method, all profiles are interpolated to the standard World Ocean Atlas standard depths.

Output generally includes ocean parameters, number of significant digits stored, and QC flags. The parenthetical value states the number of significant digits in the measurement directly to its left. The same is true for second headers.

The two bracketed numbers are single digit quality flags; one set by the WOD, and the other by the originator. From page 45 of the WOD Introduction :. It is difficult to estimate the precision and reproducibility of the historical chemical data in part because 1 there has not been a generally accepted set of standard international analytical oceanographic methods; 2 there has been a continuous availability over time of new or improved analytical techniques for the sampling and determination of the concentration of dissolved and particulate constituents in seawater; 3 there is the practical difficulty of periodic comparison of the precision and accuracy of oceanographic data collected by oceanographic institutions worldwide.

At present, we are not aware of a suitable monitoring program for the systematic comparison of analytical instruments, measurements, and certified reference standards used by international research Institutions or Universities to collect oceanographic observations.

We do include information on the method used for nutrient and other data when it is available. Variable description for the second header 6 may be found on WOD codes page, or accessed directly through the methods list. Temperature anomalies are calculated at 16 standard depths from m or 26 standard depths m by subtracting observed interpolated temperatures from the long-term climatological monthly mean. The mean of all temperature anomalies is calculated at each standard depth for every box on the grid.

The temperature anomaly represents the volume of water that makes up the vertical distance from halfway between the next shallower depth and the given standard depth to halfway between the next deeper depth and the given standard depth.

The temperature anomaly is multiplied by the climatological mean density of the one-degree square and the heat capacity of water and the area and volume of the one-degree square for the given standard depth. The heat contents for each volume surrounding a standard depth are summed to calculate full ocean heat content anomaly for each one degree gridbox.

The values for each gridbox are summed to calculate global value. Because ocean temperature measurements are relatively sparse at the subsurface level, we use an objective analysis technique to calculate a complete set of one-degree temperature anomaly data at each standard depth after the anomalies from existing data are calculated.

From there the heat content is calculated. The objective analysis technique is described in a number of publications, including WOA18 Temperature. This page contains archived content and is no longer being updated. At the time of publication, it represented the best. Home Products World Ocean Database.

Auxiliary Datasets. Antonov, O. Grodsky, D. Johnson, R. Mishonov, T. O'Brien, C. Smolyar, and M. Zweng, World Ocean Database Levitus, Ed. WOD09 Boyer, T.

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